A study in Germany confirmed the existence of employment discrimination against female job applicants with Turkish-sounding names - which gets worse if they wear an Islamic headscarf.

A university researcher sent CVs to German firms - they were identical, except that some bore the name Meryem Ozturk and others the name Sandra Bauer.  This was repeated 1,500 times (.pdf link).

Employers invited "Sandra Bauer" to interview 18.8 percent of the time.  But "Meryem Ozturk" was invited back only 13.5 percent.  When photographs were included with the CVs, Meryem was shown wearing a headscarf - in which case she was invited to interview by only 4.2 percent of employers.

It's standard practice to attach a photo with a CV.  But the result "implies that the candidate with the headscarf had to send 4.5 times as many applications as an identical applicant with a German name and no headscarf to receive the same number of callbacks for interview", said Austrian researcher Doris Weichselbaumer from the University of Linz, who performed the experiment.

Rejections for Ms. Ozturk also increased when she applied for higher-paying jobs.  When she sent a photo in to apply for a secretarial job, she had to send off 3.5 times more applications than Ms. Bauer.  For the post of chief accountant. Ms. Ozturk had to send 7.6 times more applications.

Germany's overall population is more than 82 Million people.  Only about 3 Million are of Turkish origin, and the country has taken in more than a million refugees during the 2015-2016 crisis.